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Lost in space? Refugee Entrepreneurship and Cultural Diversity in Spatial Contexts
[journal article]
Abstract In the past decade, refugee entrepreneurship has received unprecedented political and public attention worldwide and especially in Germany. Due to the circumstances of the forced migration and asylum procedure, refugee entrepreneurs are socially disembedded in both: the co-ethnic community and in th... view more
In the past decade, refugee entrepreneurship has received unprecedented political and public attention worldwide and especially in Germany. Due to the circumstances of the forced migration and asylum procedure, refugee entrepreneurs are socially disembedded in both: the co-ethnic community and in the local community, in comparison to other immigrant entrepreneurs or native entrepreneurs. Since asylum seekers are allocated to their residence independent of their will, it is crucial to assess how their socio-spatial embeddedness determines refugee entrepreneurial propensity. We depart from the abstract concept of mixed embeddedness and concretize spatial embeddedness in urban, semi-urban and rural environments. By building on the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship (KSTE), we include embeddedness in cultural diversity in our research model, too. The econometric analyses of the German Microcensus suggest, first, that refugees are especially prone to entrepreneurship. Second, intercultural embeddedness has the strongest significant positive correlation with refugee entrepreneurial propensity, compared to other immigrants and native-born. However, when including interaction effects of cultural diversity in different spaces, the positive relationship of ethnic diversity and refugee entrepreneurship holds only true in semi-urban spaces. This provides clues that refugee entrepreneurs in rural or urban environments access resources and opportunities through alternative social capital.... view less
Keywords
microcensus; refugee; entrepreneurship; diversity; Federal Republic of Germany; social space; municipal area; rural area; asylum seeker
Classification
Migration, Sociology of Migration
Management Science
Area Development Planning, Regional Research
Free Keywords
mixed embeddedness; knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship; socio-spatial embeddedness; super-diversity; Mikrozensus 2017
Document language
English
Publication Year
2022
Page/Pages
p. 151-171
Journal
ZFW - Advances in Economic Geography, 66 (2022) 3
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1515/zfw-2021-0017
ISSN
2748-1964
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed