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Age differences in free will and control perceptions across the lifespan and around the world
[journal article]
Abstract Variation in free will and control perceptions has been examined across the development of young children, adults, and in several different countries. In two studies (three samples; total N = 492,134), older adults believed less in free will, fatalistic determinism, and perceived less control over t... view more
Variation in free will and control perceptions has been examined across the development of young children, adults, and in several different countries. In two studies (three samples; total N = 492,134), older adults believed less in free will, fatalistic determinism, and perceived less control over their lives than younger adults. In Study 2 (Samples 1 [48 countries] and 2 [99 countries]), control perceptions were highest among individuals who lived in countries that were more indulgent (versus restricted). Country-level characteristics often moderated the link between age and control perceptions, although variation in age differences was relatively small. The current studies are the largest and most comprehensive investigations of demographic and cultural differences in free will and control perceptions. The findings are discussed in the context of the mechanisms that drive changes in free will and control perceptions across the lifespan and across cultures.... view less
Keywords
culture; intercultural comparison; cultural difference; freedom of will; child; adult; age difference; control; life situation; international comparison; EVS
Classification
Social Psychology
Free Keywords
free will beliefs; control perceptions; social investment principle; World Values Survey; European Values Study 2017: Integrated Dataset (EVS 2017) (ZA 7500 v2.0.0)
Document language
English
Publication Year
2023
Page/Pages
p. 1-15
Journal
Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology, 4 (2023)
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100093
ISSN
2666-6227
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed