Critical Pedagogy and Student Learning Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the impact of Critical Pedagogy on student learning outcomes, focusing on academic and social dimensions across various educational levels and settings. A systematic literature review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, analyzing 13 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024 – the inclusion criteria centred on journal articles and reviews, excluding book chapters and proceedings. The studies employed qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methodologies. The review revealed that Critical Pedagogy positively influences critical thinking, academic achievement, social awareness, and civic engagement. It demonstrated adaptability to online and technology-enhanced learning environments. The studies covered primary to higher education educational levels, significantly impacting student engagement and academic outcomes. Critical Pedagogy significantly enhances educational outcomes and student engagement, advocating for democratic values and social justice. Its integration with emerging educational technologies like AI and VR shows promise for modern pedagogical strategies. Future research should explore the implementation of Critical Pedagogy in early childhood settings, assess its effectiveness in online education, and develop quantitative measures for social outcomes. Further studies should also investigate interdisciplinary applications and incorporate student perspectives to enrich the understanding and application of Critical Pedagogy.