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The Development of Gender Role Attitudes During Adolescence: Effects of Sex, Socioeconomic Background, and Cognitive Abilities
[journal article]
Abstract How gender role attitudes develop during adolescence, and how biological, social, and cognitive factors predict this development, remains a matter of debate. This study examines the development of gender role attitudes from early adolescence to emerging adulthood and investigates how the development... view more
How gender role attitudes develop during adolescence, and how biological, social, and cognitive factors predict this development, remains a matter of debate. This study examines the development of gender role attitudes from early adolescence to emerging adulthood and investigates how the developmental trajectory is affected by sex, socioeconomic status, and cognitive abilities (intelligence). Four waves of the large-scale longitudinal German dataset BIJU between 1991 (grade 7; N = 3828, Mage = 13, SD = 0.61, 53.1% female, 96.4% German nationality), 1995 (grade 10, Mage = 17), 1997 (grade 12, Mage = 19) and 2001/2002 (university/career entry, Mage = 24) were used. Measurement invariance was examined across waves and gender. Latent growth curve models showed that adolescents developed more egalitarian gender role attitudes. Differences between the sexes decreased over time but remained significant. Socioeconomic status seemed less relevant, while adolescents, especially those with lower intelligence scores, developed more egalitarian gender role attitudes during adolescence. The results showed that teenagers developed more open and egalitarian attitudes during adolescence, and that the development trajectories of female and male adolescents converge.... view less
Keywords
EVS; adolescent; gender role; adolescence; gender-specific factors; attitude; socioeconomic factors; cognitive ability; young adult
Classification
Developmental Psychology
Women's Studies, Feminist Studies, Gender Studies
Free Keywords
gender role attitudes; longitudinal development; measurement invariance; growth curve model; EVS Trend File 1981-2017 (ZA7503 v2.0.0)
Document language
English
Publication Year
2022
Page/Pages
p. 2114-2129
Journal
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 51 (2022) 11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01651-z
ISSN
1573-6601
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed