Dioniso contra Sócrates: notas sobre metafísica, otimismo e pessimismo em O nascimento da tragédia de Friedrich Nietzsche

Abstract

This paper aims to expose the Dionysian contradoutrine to optimism from the discussion of the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche's interpretation of Socrates in the book The Birth of Tragedy. Our discussion brings into perspective the Nietzschean critique of the so-called aesthetic Socratism, which places Socratic philosophy far from its proposal for the Dionysian in art. To this end, we reconstruct Nietzsche's arguments and investigate their scope, as well as present Paul de Man's considerations on the emerging tension. As a conclusion, we point to the scope of the concepts of pessimism and optimism within the constructed scope.