Georgia: Focus on Hydropower Generating Protest

Abstract

Georgia has significant hydropower potential and there are plans to construct a number of new hydropower plants (HPPs). However, concerns have been raised about the impact of these new HPPs on local communities, as well as damage to pristine mountain environments and the biodiversity of the Caucasus. Additionally, Georgia is situated in a seismically unstable region, meaning it is prone to frequent tremors and earthquakes. There have been a number of protests about proposed projects, notably clashes between police and protestors in April 2019 over the construction of an HPP in the Pankisi Gorge. Thus, the example and experience of Georgia raises questions about the push towards renewables, in particular the need to ensure project sustainability. This article will assess the contribution that hydropower makes to Georgia’s energy mix, future projects and what lessons can be drawn from the Georgian experience about the demands of balancing the country's electricity needs against environmental and social costs.