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@article{ Andersson2022, title = {Explaining Finnish Economic and Social Success - And Happiness}, author = {Andersson, Jan Otto}, journal = {Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs}, number = {4}, pages = {177-198}, volume = {26}, year = {2022}, issn = {1428-149X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.33067/SE.4.2022.7}, abstract = {This article explores the reasons behind the high economic and social rankings for Finland. It also reflects on why Finland is considered the "happiest" country in the world (according to a World Happiness Report). Using empirical data from two studies - an article comparing high-andlow-tax countries, and the aforementioned recent World Happiness Report - it compares Finland with its Nordic neighbours and other Western, especially Anglo-American, countries. The essay outlines a so-called "Finnish model" and looks for the roots of this model. Comparing measures in several dimensions - effort, culture, institutions, and economic and social outcomes - the essay tries to fi nd characteristics that are particular for Finland. Education, innovation, and economic security, as well as trust, gender equality, resilient confl ict solutions, and geo-historical luck, are crucial to Finland's success. Three notable Germans - Luther, Hegel, and Marx - have influenced Finnish culture and society in different ways. Is Finland the country that comes closest to the ideal - "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs" (Marx, 1875).}, keywords = {Finnland; Finland; internationaler Vergleich; international comparison; Ranking; ranking; Lebenszufriedenheit; satisfaction with life; Wohlbefinden; well-being; Wirtschaftswachstum; economic growth; Innovation; innovation; Kultur; culture; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Sicherheit; security; Bildungswesen; education system; Sozialpolitik; social policy}}