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Between Russia, Sweden, and Finland: The Åland Question Since 1809
[Zeitschriftenartikel]
Abstract This contribution addresses the strategical, political, and cultural significance of the Åland Islands between Russia, Sweden, and Finland from 1809 to the present day. During the first half of the 19th century, Russia fulfilled, with the conquest of the Åland Islands, one of its military goals whic... mehr
This contribution addresses the strategical, political, and cultural significance of the Åland Islands between Russia, Sweden, and Finland from 1809 to the present day. During the first half of the 19th century, Russia fulfilled, with the conquest of the Åland Islands, one of its military goals which had been in place since the Petrine period, namely, to push forward the country's military control as far as to the Western border of Finland in order to secure Russia's capital St. Petersburg, and to threaten the capital of the kingdom of Sweden, Stockholm, in order to prevent a Swedish act of revenge for the loss of Sweden's control of the Eastern Baltic during the Great Northern War. At the same time, the islands were, in a political and cultural sense, an important ingredient of the upcoming Swedish and Finnish national movements. After the loss of Finland, the countries had tried to find solace in national culture and past glories. In this respect, the question of why Sweden, during the Finnish Civil War, sent troops to the Åland Islands can be interpreted as part of Sweden's anti-Russian military agenda as well as being part of its cultural mission to protect the islands against Finnish and Russian attempts to make the island part of Finnish or Russian culture, and to subdue the overwhelmingly-Swedish-speaking population in the context of a Finnish national state. This Swedish-Finnish opposition, though, turned, during the interwar period, into a secret collaboration against Russian military interests in the Eastern Baltic region, whereby the control of the Åland Islands played a central role. Despite minor yet critical situations, the islands have enjoyed relative calm ever since. However, the outbreak of Russia's Ukrainian War threatens to cast doubt once again on the islands' status.... weniger
Thesaurusschlagwörter
Schweden; Finnland; Russland; internationale Beziehungen; historische Entwicklung
Klassifikation
allgemeine Geschichte
internationale Beziehungen, Entwicklungspolitik
Freie Schlagwörter
Åland Islands
Sprache Dokument
Englisch
Publikationsjahr
2022
Seitenangabe
S. 111-128
Zeitschriftentitel
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs, 26 (2022) 4
ISSN
1428-149X
Status
Veröffentlichungsversion; begutachtet (peer reviewed)
Lizenz
Creative Commons - Namensnennung, Nicht kommerz., Keine Bearbeitung 4.0