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Security in the Indo-Pacific: the Asianisation of the regional security architecture
Sicherheit im Indo-Pazifik: die Asianisierung der regionalen Sicherheitsarchitektur
[research report]
Corporate Editor
Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit
Abstract Since the Korean War of 1950-53, the security architecture of the region previously referred to as the "Asia-Pacific" has been based on a US-led system of bilateral alliances known as the "hub-and-spokes" system. A multilateral system of collective defence, similar to NATO in Europe, has not exist... view more
Since the Korean War of 1950-53, the security architecture of the region previously referred to as the "Asia-Pacific" has been based on a US-led system of bilateral alliances known as the "hub-and-spokes" system. A multilateral system of collective defence, similar to NATO in Europe, has not existed in the region. In 2014, the People's Republic of China under Xi Jinping began to develop its own ideas for reshaping the regional security system. Xi called the hub-and-spokes system a relic of the Cold War and called for a regional security architecture "by Asians for Asians". The "Indo-Pacific" is widely regarded as a strategy to counter a Sinocentric restructuring of the region. The majority of actors involved conceives its security architecture as an antagonistic order in which security is established against, and not with, China. This architecture is more "Asianised" than before. The region's US allies are gaining significance in relation to Washington. What's more, bilateral and minilateral partnerships outside the hub-and-spokes system are becoming increasingly important, for example those involving states such as India or Indonesia. Structurally, bilateral alliances and partnerships dominate. They are increasingly supplemented by minilateral formats such as AUKUS or the Quad. For the EU and its member states, all this means that realising the idea of an inclusive Indo-Pacific has become a distant prospect. The effective multilateralism propagated by the EU is also gradually falling behind as the regional security architecture is increasingly being transformed into a web of bilateral and minilateral cooperation formats.... view less
Keywords
Indian Ocean; Pacific Rim; Asia; international security; security policy; defense policy; bilateral relations; international relations; international cooperation; foreign policy; multilateralism; security partnership; alliance policy; China; United States of America; India; Indonesia; Australia; Japan; EU; ASEAN; Federal Republic of Germany; law of nations
Classification
Peace and Conflict Research, International Conflicts, Security Policy
International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy
Free Keywords
Regionale Sicherheit; Verteidigungsbündnis; Außenpolitische Neuorientierung; Multilateralisierung internationaler Beziehungen; Multipolares internationales System; Internationale Partnerschaft; Entwicklungsperspektive und -tendenz
Document language
English
Publication Year
2022
City
Berlin
Page/Pages
37 p.
Series
SWP Research Paper, 11/2022
DOI
https://doi.org/10.18449/2022RP11
ISSN
1863-1053
Status
Published Version; reviewed
Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications