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A longitudinal investigation of integration/multiculturalism policies and attitudes towards immigrants in European countries
[journal article]
Abstract A number of recent studies find that integration and multiculturalism policies help soften anti-immigrant attitudes among the broader population. These findings, however, emerge from cross-sectional analyses and are potentially vulnerable to omitted variable bias. The analysis in this paper overcome... view more
A number of recent studies find that integration and multiculturalism policies help soften anti-immigrant attitudes among the broader population. These findings, however, emerge from cross-sectional analyses and are potentially vulnerable to omitted variable bias. The analysis in this paper overcomes that limitation by adopting a longitudinal approach. This approach uses data from repeated cross-sections drawn from the European Social Survey and the European Values Survey. These data can be treated as panels in a longitudinal framework once it is recognised that the relevant variables (including the attitudes variables) can be handled effectively as country-level averages. Multi-level modelling (the default approach in existing research) is not necessary; in particular, there is no need to use individual-level control variables. In a fixed-effects analysis of country-level data, adoption of more open/accommodating integration and/or multiculturalism policies does not lead to a reduction in anti-immigration sentiment. The findings of the cross-sectional studies evidently suffer from significant omitted variable bias.... view less
Keywords
xenophobia; integration policy; multicultural society; panel; data; EVS; European Social Survey; longitudinal study; attitude; attitude research; immigration; migrant; Europe
Classification
Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture
Social Psychology
Migration, Sociology of Migration
Methods and Techniques of Data Collection and Data Analysis, Statistical Methods, Computer Methods
Free Keywords
Xenophobia; multiculturalism; panel data; control variables; ZA4804: European Values Study Longitudinal Data File 1981-2008 (EVS 1981-2008); European Social Survey, Round 7 - 2014
Document language
English
Publication Year
2021
Page/Pages
p. 153-172
Journal
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 48 (2021) 1
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2021.1922273
ISSN
1469-9451
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed
Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0