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Parenthood and gender inequality: Population-based evidence on the child penalty in Finland
[journal article]
Abstract This study presents evidence on the effect of parenthood on labor market outcomes in Finland. We use population-based data drawn from administrative registers and an event study design centered around the birth of the first child using the specification proposed in Kleven et al. (2019b). The study c... view more
This study presents evidence on the effect of parenthood on labor market outcomes in Finland. We use population-based data drawn from administrative registers and an event study design centered around the birth of the first child using the specification proposed in Kleven et al. (2019b). The study confirms that women encounter large short- and long-term child penalties in gross labor earnings and that penalties are associated with employment participation. Taxes and social security transfers considerably reduce the child penalty, which also varies by the number of children.... view less
Keywords
motherhood; parenthood; gender relations; inequality; social inequality; income; employment; transfer payments; child; number of children; Finland
Classification
Women's Studies, Feminist Studies, Gender Studies
Labor Market Research
Income Policy, Property Policy, Wage Policy
Free Keywords
Earnings; Child penalty; Income transfers; FLEED-FOLK (Finnish Longitudinal Employer–Employee Data)
Document language
English
Publication Year
2019
Page/Pages
p. 5-9
Journal
Economics Letters, 182 (2019)
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2019.05.034
ISSN
0165-1765
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed
Licence
Creative Commons - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0