Notas preliminares sobre o conceito de justiça no Livro I da República de Platão

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the discussion of justice in Book I of Plato's 'Republic'. At first, it should be noted that the way Book I is built makes it very close to the Platonic dialogues of the youth, the controversy remaining in relation to its writing as an independent text or preface deliberately elaborated. In Book I Plato maps the common meanings of justice and deconstructs them in an intellectual path that responds to the traditional notions of morality and to the already degenerated political perspective of the sophists. With this, it signals the need to transcend the domains of mere opinion, in the name of a superior foundation for justice, universal and with a rational seal. The process of conceptual purification and contextual delimitation perpetrated in the first book helps to understand the complex ethical, metaphysical and political-educational reflections of the 'Republic', reason that leads us to infer the essentially propaedeutic character with which Book I it was elaborated.