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@book{ Schulz-Schaeffer2016, title = {The position fields of technology: a role-theoretical approach to socio-technical networks}, author = {Schulz-Schaeffer, Ingo}, year = {2016}, series = {TUTS - Working Papers}, pages = {27}, volume = {2-2016}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Technische Universität Berlin, Fak. VI Planen, Bauen, Umwelt, Institut für Soziologie Fachgebiet Technik- und Innovationssoziologie}, urn = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-49952-4}, abstract = {This article builds on the idea of actor-network theory to use role terminology for describing the heterogeneous associations that make up technological innovations. Referring to key concepts of sociological role theory it proposes a more elaborate role-theoretical approach to socio-technical networks. It is argued that technological innovations consist of fields of positions to be occupied by human actors or techno-logical artifacts. Network-building thus is viewed as a process of establishing sets of interrelated positions. Consequently, actors and objects are relevant only in their capacity as occupants of positions. The role-theoretical approach draws attention to the fact that the human and nonhuman components of a technological innovation may hold several positions within the socio-technical network and may play functional and social roles at the same time. The conceptual approach is illustrated with two examples from the history of the automobile: the chauffeur problem and the invention of the jaywalker.}, keywords = {Innovation; innovation; technische Entwicklung; technical development; Rolle; role; Theorie; theory; Erwartung; expectation; soziotechnisches System; sociotechnical system; Netzwerk; network; Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie; actor-network-theory; soziale Position; social position}}