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India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) in the new global order: interests, strategies and values of the emerging coalition
[journal article]
Abstract A question of interest to scholars of International Politics concerns the manner in which weaker states attempt to influence stronger ones. This article offers a case study of one recent exercise in coalition-building among southern powers as a vehicle for change in international relations. It analy... view more
A question of interest to scholars of International Politics concerns the manner in which weaker states attempt to influence stronger ones. This article offers a case study of one recent exercise in coalition-building among southern powers as a vehicle for change in international relations. It analyzes the global interests, strategies and values of India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) and the impact of the IBSA Dialogue Forum on the global order. Five major points are outlined. First, common ideas and values shape the global discourse of the emerging coalition. Second, soft balancing based on a value-driven middle power discourse is a suitable concept to explain IBSA’s strategy in global institutions. Third, institutional foreign policy instruments such as agenda-setting and coalition-building are pivotal elements of IBSA’s soft balancing approach. Fourth, the trilateral coalition suffers from considerable divergence of interest in global governance issues and limited potential gains of its sectoral cooperation, particularly in trade, due to a lack of complementarities of the participating economies. Finally, despite these obstacles the IBSA Forum has impacted the global order in recent years as a powerful driver for change. India, Brazil and South Africa have contributed to an incremental global power shift in their favour. The southern coalition also induced a change in the character of multilateralism and, in particular, its procedural values.... view less
Keywords
India; Brazil; Republic of South Africa; foreign policy; international cooperation; international relations; international system; global governance; multilateralism; world order
Classification
International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy
Free Keywords
multilaterale internationale Beziehungen; multipolares internationales System; India-Brazil-South Africa Dialogue Forum
Document language
English
Publication Year
2009
Page/Pages
p. 401-421
Journal
International Studies, 46 (2009) 4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/002088171004600402
ISSN
0973-0702
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed
Licence
Deposit Licence - No Redistribution, No Modifications
With the permission of the rights owner, this publication is under open access due to a (DFG-/German Research Foundation-funded) national or Alliance license.