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Individual changes in stress, depression, anxiety, pathological worry, posttraumatic stress, and health anxiety from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults from Southeastern Germany
[Zeitschriftenartikel]
Abstract Background: Many studies have previously compared the prevalence or sample means of distress and mental health problems from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, while results on changes at the individual-level, and regarding multiple outcome measures are demanded. Methods: This online study inve... mehr
Background: Many studies have previously compared the prevalence or sample means of distress and mental health problems from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, while results on changes at the individual-level, and regarding multiple outcome measures are demanded. Methods: This online study investigated individual changes in stress and mental health from before the COVID-19 pandemic to the first lockdown in adults from Southeastern Germany. This region was selected as it was where SARS-CoV-2 was first documented in Germany, and also due to the implementation of strict stay-at-home orders and social contact prohibitions. From April 10–27, 2020, we collected state measures and their clinical relevance for the subareas of perceived stress: worries, tension, joy, and demands. We also collected information regarding the following mental health problems: depression, anxiety, pathological worry, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and health anxiety; as well as retrospective measures of how participants felt they have changed in comparison to before the pandemic, ranging from worse to better. Results: The analytical sample comprised 396 adult participants. On average, participants experienced increases in worries, tension, and lack of joy, and increases in mental health problems, but a decrease in demands. Perceived increases in symptoms of depression (26.0%) and PTSD (25.5%) were significantly more frequent than in symptoms of anxiety (particularly acute fear and panic) (5.6%), pathological worry (9.8%), and health anxiety (7.3%) (ps<.001). One per 10 participants (10.4%) reported an increase in depressive symptoms, and nearly two per 10 (18.4%) an increase in PTSD symptoms and additionally showed a clinically relevant symptom strain during lockdown. Interestingly, mainly non-specific PTSD symptoms associated with a general stress reaction were experienced to be increased. Conclusion: The findings suggest a dissociation of perceived changes in subareas of stress and mental health with a particular experience of increases in depressive and general stress symptoms and a decrease in external demands. This points to a need for a more differentiated view on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress and mental health, and for targeted interventions for mental health problems arising frequently during the pandemic.... weniger
Thesaurusschlagwörter
Stress; Depression; Angst; Gesundheit; gesundheitliche Folgen; psychische Belastung; psychische Gesundheit; Trauma; Bundesrepublik Deutschland; Süddeutschland
Klassifikation
psychische Störungen, Behandlung und Prävention
Freie Schlagwörter
Corona; COVID-19; Coronavirus; panic disorder; generalized anxiety; health anxiety; pathological worry; posttraumatic stress; Deutsches modifiziertes Health Anxiety Inventory (MK-HAI); ZIS 71
Sprache Dokument
Englisch
Publikationsjahr
2022
Seitenangabe
S. 1-20
Zeitschriftentitel
BMC Psychiatry, 22 (2022) 1
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04148-y
ISSN
1471-244X
Status
Veröffentlichungsversion; begutachtet (peer reviewed)