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Benchmarking building energy performance: Accuracy by involving occupants in collecting data - A case study in Germany
[journal article]
Abstract Energy performance certificates (EPC) aim to provide transparency about building energy performance (BEP) and benchmark buildings. Despite having qualified auditors examining buildings through on-site visits, BEP accuracy in EPCs is frequently criticized. Qualified auditors are often bound to engine... view more
Energy performance certificates (EPC) aim to provide transparency about building energy performance (BEP) and benchmark buildings. Despite having qualified auditors examining buildings through on-site visits, BEP accuracy in EPCs is frequently criticized. Qualified auditors are often bound to engineering-based energy quantification methods. However, recent studies have revealed data-driven methods to be more accurate regarding benchmarking. Unlike engineering methods, data-driven methods can learn from data that non-experts might collect. This raises the question of whether data-driven methods allow for simplified data collection while still achieving the same accuracy as prescribed engineering-based methods. This study presents a method for selecting building variables, which even occupants can reliably collect and which at the same time contribute most to a data-driven method's predictive power. The method is tested and validated in a case study on a real-world data set containing 25,000 German single-family houses. Having all data collected by non-experts, results show that the data-driven method achieves about 35% higher accuracy than the currently used engineering method by qualified auditors. Our study proposes a stepwise method to design data-driven EPCs, outlines design recommendations, and derives policy implications.... view less
Keywords
Federal Republic of Germany; building; energy saving; energy; efficiency; data acquisition; inhabitant; single-family residence
Classification
Methods and Techniques of Data Collection and Data Analysis, Statistical Methods, Computer Methods
Free Keywords
energy quantification methods; energy performance certificate; data-driven methods; building data collection; building energy performance; energy efficiency; Mikrozensus 2011
Document language
English
Publication Year
2022
Page/Pages
p. 1-12
Journal
Journal of Cleaner Production, 379 (2022)
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134762
ISSN
0959-6526
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed