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Dimensions of Social Equality in Paid Parental Leave Policy Design: Comparing Australia and Japan
[journal article]
Abstract Paid parental leave policies in both Australia and Japan fit within Dobrotić and Blum's (2020) classification of a selective employment-based entitlement model, thus offering an extension of that category beyond Europe and illustrating the wide variation possible within it. In this article we develo... view more
Paid parental leave policies in both Australia and Japan fit within Dobrotić and Blum's (2020) classification of a selective employment-based entitlement model, thus offering an extension of that category beyond Europe and illustrating the wide variation possible within it. In this article we develop indices for comparing employment-based parental leave policies on three dimensions of social equality: inclusion, gender equality and redistribution. This combination offers an extension of classificatory schemes for parental leave policies and a broader basis for comparative analysis. We compare Australia and Japan on these indices and present a qualitative exploration of the origins and implications of their similarities and differences. The analysis draws attention to tensions between the three indices, illustrating intersecting and conflicting influences on the potential for paid parental leave entitlements to contribute to the amelioration of social inequalities. Overall, the comparison highlights drivers of difference within employment-based entitlement systems and underlines the need for complementary measures to advance egalitarian outcomes.... view less
Keywords
Australia; Japan; parenthood; family policy; gainful employment; child care; work-family balance; parental leave; parental involvement in education; social policy; gender relations; income situation
Classification
Family Sociology, Sociology of Sexual Behavior
Family Policy, Youth Policy, Policy on the Elderly
Free Keywords
Australia; Japan; gender equality; inclusion; leave policy design; paid parental leave; redistribution; social equality
Document language
English
Publication Year
2021
Page/Pages
p. 288-299
Journal
Social Inclusion, 9 (2021) 2
Issue topic
The Inclusiveness of Social Rights: The Case of Parental Leave Policies
ISSN
2183-2803
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed