A crítica de Heidegger à estética em A origem da obra de arte (Der Ursprung des kunstwerkes, 1936)

Abstract

The following article aims to present and develop Martin Heidegger's criticism of Aesthetics from the essay 'The Origin of the Work of Art' ('Der Ursprung des Kunstwerkes', 1936). For Heideggerian thinking, Aesthetics, as an heir to the metaphysical paradigms, kills what is essential in the art (its ontological truth) by taking it fundamentally as an object capable of provoking and impacting the sensitivity of the contemplating subject. As will be shown Heidegger traces the origin ('Ur-sprung') of such a conception in the first Western philosophical systems with Plato and Aristotle, and its development in the initial moments of modernity with Descartes and the other heirs of his thinking. Since we are already at the heart of historical sedimentation when conceiving works of art, it is necessary to dive into such sedimentation to develop the sleeping potentialities. This is the invitation that Heidegger offers us and that we also offer the reader here.