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Deteriorating Employment and Marriage Decline in Japan
[journal article]
Abstract As is the case in Western countries, more Japanese are marrying later or remaining unmarried and are postponing childbearing or staying childless. Previous studies revealed that those individuals who were unable to secure regular employment due to the serious recession between the mid-1990s and mid-... view more
As is the case in Western countries, more Japanese are marrying later or remaining unmarried and are postponing childbearing or staying childless. Previous studies revealed that those individuals who were unable to secure regular employment due to the serious recession between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s, labelled a "lost generation," had a very low marriage rate. But what about subsequent cohorts? Using a discrete-time logit model to analyse Japanese Life Course Panel Survey data, this study investigates the effects of employment on first marriages between 2007 and 2015, including cohorts after the lost generation. The results indicate that: (a) among men who are classed as non-regular employees, unemployed, or low-income regular employees, the likelihood of first marriage is low due to their weak economic position; and (b) women have a low likelihood of first marriage if they are non-regular employees or unemployed, not because of their employment status but because they have less chance of meeting a romantic partner and also because of their values regarding work and marriage. These explicit gender differences in the findings contradict observations made in contemporary Europe and North America, where a trend towards gender convergence in the effects of employment and earnings on marriage has been identified. The ambivalence towards gender equality in family and the workplace will be discussed to understand why many young Japanese remain single.... view less
Keywords
Japan; marriage; family formation; declining birth rate; labor market trend; employment trend; socioeconomic effects; gender-specific factors; value-orientation
Classification
Family Sociology, Sociology of Sexual Behavior
Free Keywords
Low fertility; Romantic partner
Document language
English
Publication Year
2020
Page/Pages
p. 395-416
Journal
Comparative Population Studies - Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft, 45 (2020)
ISSN
1869-8999
Status
Published Version; peer reviewed